Incorporating Leadership Models Into Counseling Supervision: Recommendations to Strengthen Services

Counseling supervision is considered a fundamental instructional tool for the counseling profession. Despite the existence of supervision guidelines and standards, researchers continue to report that a majority of supervisors (especially administrative and on-site supervisors) lack formalized supervision training, leading to inconsistent and confusing training experiences for counselors-in- training (CIT). It is recommended that the counseling profession examine research-based leadership models (including situational leadership, servant leadership, and transformational leadership) in order to present a competency- based method for providing supervision to CITs. Recommendations for administrative supervisors, on-site supervisors, and counselor educators are included.